Louisiana is unique in the United States in that it operates under a civil law system, rather than the common law system used by the other 49 states. This is because Louisiana was at one time a French colony, and its legal system is based on the Napoleonic Code, which was adopted by France in 1804. The Napoleonic Code is a comprehensive legal code that covers a wide range of areas, including civil law, criminal law, and commercial law. It is known for its clear, concise language and its emphasis on the rights of individuals.

Within this structure, Louisiana notaries are required to have greater fundamental understanding of notarial civil law, and are allowed author and pass and “notarial acts”. They can compose and pass testaments, temporary custody, power of attorney, emancipation acts, and other documents. They are not, however, allowed to give legal advice or petition the court.

It’s worth noting that Louisiana law has been modified and interpreted over the years, but the Napoleonic code remains the foundation of the state legal system.